Natrix natrix
Görünüm
(Yarı sucul yılan sayfasından yönlendirildi)
Natrix natrix | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Korunma durumu | |||||||||||||
Asgari endişe altında (IUCN 3.1)[1] | |||||||||||||
Biyolojik sınıflandırma | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
İkili adlandırma | |||||||||||||
Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) | |||||||||||||
Sinonimler | |||||||||||||
|
Natrix natrix, Natrix cinsine bağlı bir sürüngen türüdür.[2][3]
Özellikler
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]Genel olarak koyu yeşil veya kahverengindedir. Kafasının arkasında yaka şeklinde sarı veya beyazımsı çizgi bulunur. Soğuk bölgelerde yaygın olarak griden siyaha doğru koyu renklidir. Alt kısmı beyazımsıdır ve düzensiz siyah renkler içerir. 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) veya daha uzun olabilir.[4][5]
Taksonomi
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]Natrix natrix türüne bağlı alttürler (2024):
Dağılım ve habitat
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]Avrupa ile orta İskandinavya'dan İtalya'nın kuzeyine doğru dağılım gösterir.
Galeri
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]- Szyndlar Z. (1984) Fossil snakes from Poland, Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 28 1, 1-156
- AFRASIAB, S. R. & AL-GANABI, M. I. (2011) Snake species rare or new to the herpetofauna of Iraq [Short Note].: Herpetozoa 24 (3/4)
- Arakelyan, Marine S.; Felix D. Danielyan, Claudia Corti, Roberto Sindaco, and Alan E. Leviton (2011) The Herpetofauna of Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh.: SSAR, Salt Lake City, 154 pp. [ISBN 978-0-916984-84-7.]
- Ayres, Cesar (2012) Scavenging in the genus Natrix.: Acta Herpetologica 7 (1): 171-174
- Bagherian, A. & H. G. Kami (2009) Systematic identification of Natrix natrix and Natrix tessellata based on multivariate analysis. [in Persian].: Pajouhesh & Sazandegi (79): 128-134
- Bedriaga, J. von. (1882) Die Amphibien und Reptilien Griechenlands.: Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 56:43—103.
- Beshkov, V & Nanev, K (2006) The Amphibians and Reptiles in Bulgaria.: Pensoft Series Faunistica 46, 120 pp.
- Bischoff, W. (2002) Auf der Suche nach Darevskia valentini (BOETTGER 1892) in Georgien - Impressionen aus einem wenig bekannten Land.: Elaphe 10 (3): 49-61
- Borczyk, B. (2007) The causes of intraspecific variation in sexual dimorphism in the common grass snake populations, Natrix natrix LINNAEUS, 1758 (Serpentes, Colubridae): Data from the South Western Poland.: Acta zoologica cracoviensia, 50A(1-2): 9-13
- Boulenger, G.A. (1893) Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I.: London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp.
- Broggi, Mario F. (2014) The herpetofauna of Kimolos (Milos Archipelago, Greece).: Herpetozoa 27 (1/2): 102-103
- Dossenbach, H.D., & Ganz, A. (1977) Die Reptilien der Schweiz.: Naturf. Gesell. Schaffhausen, Switzerland, Neujahrsblatt nr. 30 31 pp.
- Engelmann,W.E. et al. (1993) Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas.: Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp.
- Escoriza, Daniel; Miguel Àngel Fuentes & Maria del Mar Comas (2011) Natrix natrix (Squamata:Colubridae) presence in Sidi Boughaba Ramsar Reserve (Northwestern Morocco).: Bull. Soc. Catalana d'Herp. 19
- Fallend, S. (2006) Herpetologische Exkursion ins Ybbstal [Österreich].: Reptilia (Münster) 11 (62): 46-49
- Feriche, M=nica;Pleguezuelos, Juan M.;Cerro, Angeles (1993) Sexual dimorphism and sexing of mediterranean colubrids based on external characteristics.: Journal of Herpetology 27 (4): 357-362
- Forcart,Lothar (1950) Amphibien und Reptilien von Iran.: Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 61: 141-156
- Gené, J. (1839) Synopsis reptilium Sardiniae indigenoruni.: Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino 1:257—285
- Gramlich, Ralf (2014) Rabenkrähe fängt Ringelnatter.: Terraria Elaphe 2014 (6): 76
- Gray, J. E. (1852) The collared snake, Coluber natrix.: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) 9: 509-510
- Gruber,U. & Fuchs,D. (1977) Die Herpetofauna des Paros-Archipels (Zentral-Ägäis).: Salamandra 13 (2): 60-77
- Hecht,G. (1930) Systematik, Ausbreitungsgeschichte und Ökologie der europäischen Arten der Gattung Tropidonotus (Kuhl) H. Boie.: Mitt. zool. Mus. Berlin16: 244-393
- Jost, Urs und Jost, Heidi (2012) Ringelnatter frisst Wasserschnecke.: Terraria Elaphe 2012 (1): 89 ü
- KUMLUTAS, Y.;MEHMET ÖZ, M. RIZVAN TUNC¸, YAKUP KASKA, ADEM ÖZDEMIR & SERDAR DÜSEN (2004) On snake species of the Western Taurus range, Turkey.: Nat. Croat. 13 (1): 19-33
- Kabisch,K. (1978) Die Ringelnatter, Natrix natrix (L.).: Neue Brehm Bücherei - A. Ziemsen Verlag, Wittenberg Lutherstadt, 88 pp.
- Kasapidis, Panagiotis;Provatidou, Sofia;Maragou, Panagiota;Valakos, Efstratios D. (1996) Neue Daten über die Herpetofauna von Lesbos (ägäische Inseln, Griechenland) und einige biogeographische Bemerkungen über die Inseln des nordöstlichen ägäischen Archipels.: Salamandra 32 (3): 171-180
- Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp (2014) Liste der Reptilien Europas.: Draco 15 (60): 72-79
- Lambert, M.R.K. (2002) Preliminary observations on herpetofaunal diversity in the Almaty region, Southern Kazakhstan (September 1998).: Herpetological Bulletin (79): 7-13
- Laufer, H.; Fritz, C. & Sowig, P. (eds.) (2007) Die Amphibien und Reptilien Baden-Württembergs.: Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 807 pp.
- Leptien, R. (2010) Die Ringelnatter.: Reptilia (Münster) 15 (82): 83-86
- Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.: Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ. 10th Edition: 824 pp
- Malkmus, R. (1990) Herpetofaunistische Daten aus Nordostportugal.: Salamandra 26 (2/3): 165-176
- Malkmus, R. (1995) Die Amphibien und Reptilien Portugals, Madeiras und der Azoren.: Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei, Bd. 621. Westarp Wissenschaften (Magdeburg)/Spektrum Akademischer Verlag (Heidelberg)
- Malkmus, Rudolf (2015) Ringelnattern auf Molchjagd: Terraria Elaphe 2015 (5): 74-75
- Malkmus, Rudolf & Horst Sauer (2013) Totstellen bei Iberischen Ringelnattern.: Terraria Elaphe 2013 (6): 72-73
- Martens, Harald (1997) A review of "Zoogeography of amphibians and reptiles of Syria, with additional new records" (Herpetozoa 9(1/2), 1996).: Herpetozoa 10 (3/4): 99-106
- Mediani, Mohamed; José Carlos Brito, Soumia Fahd (2015) Atlas of the amphibians and reptiles of northern Morocco: updated distribution and patterns of habitat selection.: Basic and Applied Herpetology 29:
- Müller, L. & Mertens, R. (1932) Über zwei angebliche Unterarten der Ringelnatter Natrix natrix Linné.: Zoologischer Anzeiger 99: 18–27
- Münch, D. (2004) Wiedernachweis der Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix) in Dortmund im Juni 2003.: Elaphe 12 (1): 50-54
- Orlov N L; Tuniyev B S (1987) New species of the grass snake from the Caucasus, Natrix megalocephala sp. nov [in Russian].: TRUDY ZOOLOGICHESKOGO INSTITUTA AKADEMII NAUK SSSR 158: 116-130
- Orlov, Nikolai L.;Tuniyev, Boris S. (1992) A new species of grass snake, Natrix megalocephala, from the Caucasus (Ophidia: Colubridae) [translation of the original Russian paper of 1987].: Asiatic Herpetological Research 4: 42-54
- Petrov B. P., N. Tzankov, H. Strijbosch, G. Popgeorgiev, V. Beshkov (2006) The herpetofauna (Amphibia and Reptilia) of the Western Rhodopes mountain (Bulgaria and Greece). In: Beron P. (ed.). Biodiversity of Bulgaria. 3. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) I.: Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur. Hist., Sofia, pp. 863–912
- Polovic, Lidija and Natalija Cadenovic. (2014) The herpetofauna of Ljubisnja Mountain, Montenegro.: Herpetozoa 26 (3/4): 193-194
- RASTEGAR-POUYANI, NASRULLAH; HAJI GHOLI KAMI, MEHDI RAJABZADEH, SOHEILA SHAFIEI AND STEVEN CLEMENT ANDERSON (2008) Annotated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Iran.: Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 4 (1): 7-30
- Reese, D.S. (1994) The conservation of the endemic grass snake Natrix natrix cypriaca in Cyprus.: British Herpetological Society Bulletin (50): 20-22
- Schlüter, U. (2006) Die Herpetofauna der bulgarischen Schwarzmeerküste - Teil 3: Schlangen.: Elaphe 14 (2): 59-66
- Schlüter, U. (2009) Die Schlangenfauna Europas.: Draco 10 (39): 4-21
- Sehnal, P. & Schuster, A. (1999) Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf der Kvarnerinsel Cres, Kroatien. Ergebnisse von fünf Exkursionen.: Herpetozoa 12 (3-4): 163-178
- Shiravi, Abdolhossein; Afshin Faghiri, Vida Hojati (2012) The Reproductive Cycle in the Grass Snake, Natrix natrix (Serpentes: Colubridae) in Iran.: Russ. J. Herpetol. 19 (3): 217–220
- Sindaco, Roberto; Alberto Venchi, Giuseppe M. Carpaneto, Marco A. Bologna (2000) The Reptiles of Anatolia: a Checklist and Zoogeographical analysis.: Biogeographia, 21-2000: 441-554.
- Sos, T. (2008) Review of recent taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in European Amphibia and Reptilia related to Romanian herpetofauna.: Herpetologica Romanica 2: 61-91
- Steward, J. W. (1971) The Snakes of Europe.: David and Charles, 238 pp.
- Stumpel, Anton H.P.; Bert van der Werf, D.C. (2012) Reptile habitat preference in heathland: implications for heathland management.: The Herpetological Journal 22 (3): 179-182
- Thorpe, R. S. (1980) Microevolution and taxonomy of European reptiles with particular reference to the grass snake Natrix natrix and the wall lizards Podarcis sicula, P. melisellensls.: Biological Journal of Linnean Society 14: 215-233
- Thorpe, R. S. (1981) Racial divergence and subspecific status of the Gotland grass snake: a comment on Nilson & Andrens paper.: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 72: 369-370.
- Thorpe, Roger S. (1984) Primary and secondary transition zones in speciation and population differentiation: a phylogenetic analysis of range expansion.: Evolution 38 (2): 233-243
- Wiedl, Hansjörg; Böhme, Wolfgang (1992) Wiederentdeckung der Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix ssp.?) auf Zypern - vorläufiger Bericht.: Herpetofauna 14 (80): 6-10
- Anonymous (1992) OPINION 1686: Natrix gemonensis LAURENTI, 1768 (currently Coluber gemonensis), Coluber viridiflavus LACÉPÈDE, 1789 and Coluber helveticus LACÉPÈDE, 1789 (currently Natrix natrix helvetica) (Reptilia, Serpentes): specific names conserved.: Bull. Zool. Nomencl. 49:174-175.
- Blosat, K. (1998) Morphologie, Aut- und Populationsökologie einer Reliktpopulation der zypriotischen Ringelnatter, Natrix natrix cypriaca (Hecht 1930).: Univ. of Bonn. PhD thesis, 174 pp.
- Corti,C. (2013) To Benedetto Lanza, 89 yrs, President of the SEH from 1985 to 1993.: Amphibia-Reptilia 34 (3): 295-303
- Covaciu-Marcov S.-D. et al. (2007) Contributions to the study of the geographical distribution of the herpetofauna in the North-East area of Arad County in Romania.: Herpetologica Romanica 1: 62-69
- Covaciu-Marcov, S.D., Cicort-Lucaciu, A.S., Sas, I.; Mosu, A.G.; Toth, B. (2008) Contributions to the knowledge of the composition and geographical distribution of the Western Maramures County Herpetofauna.: Herpetologica Romanica 2: 27-36
- FILIPPI, E. & CAPULA, M. & LUISELLI, L. & AGRIMI, U. (1995) The prey spectrum of Natrix natrix (LINNAEUS, 1758) and Natrix tessellata (LAURENTI, 1768) in sympatric populations.: Herpetozoa 8
- Filippi, Ernesto (2003) The effects of timbering on a snake community of a Mediterranean area of central Italy.: Amphibia-Reptilia 24 (1): 75-78
- Galán, Pedro (2014) Herpetofauna del Parque Natural das Fragas do Eume (A Coruña): distribución, estado de conservación y amenazas.: Basic and Applied Herpetology 28: 113-136
- Geniez P., Crochet P.-A. (2003) Confirmation de l'existence, en France, de trois taxons méconnus : Alytes obstetricans almogavarii Arntzen & García Paris, 1995 (Amphibia, Discoglossidae), Podarcis hispanica sebastiani (Klemmer, 1964) (Reptilia, Lacertidae) et Natrix natrix astrepto: Bull. Soc. Herp. France 105: 41-53.
- Grosse, Wolf-Ru¨diger (2013) Verbreitung der Ringelnatter in der Stadt Leipzig (Sachsen) und in Halle/Saale (Sachsen-Anhalt) Teil 2.: Ophidia 7 (2): 2-11
- Gurney,J.H. (1852) On the distribution of Coluber natrix.: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) 10: 151-152
- Henle, K. (1985) Ökologische, zoogeographische und systematische Bemerkungen zur Herpetofauna Jugoslawiens.: Salamandra 21 (4): 229-251
- Kaiser, H.; Crother, B.I.; Kelly, C.M.R.; Luiselli, L.; O'Shea, M.; Ota, H.; Passos, P.; Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. (2013) Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review.: Herpetological Review 44 (1): 8-23
- Kasparek, M. (1990) Zur Herpetofauna des Beckens von Köycegiz, Türkei (Dalyan-Region).: Salamandra 26 (2/3): 155-164
- Kindler, C., Böhme, W., Corti, C., Gvozdik, V., Jablonski, D., Jandzik, D., Metallinou, M., Siroky, P. & Fritz, U. (2013) Mitochondrial phylogeography, contact zones and taxonomy of grass snakes (Natrix natrix, N. megalocephala).: Zoologica Scripta 42 (5): 458–472, doi:10.1111/zsc.12018
- Kindler, Carolin & Uwe Fritz (2014) Neue genetische Erkenntnisse zur Taxonomie und Phylogeographie der Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix) sowie der Großkopfringelnatter (N. megalocephala).: Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie 21 (1):
- Klesius, Thomas (2013) Wenn die Kälte kommt – die Überwinterung von Schlangen.: Draco 14 (55): 50-56
- Lantermann, W. & Lantermann, W. (2011) Notizen zu einer Ringelnatter-Population an einem Angelteich in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.: Elaphe 19 (1): 73-76
- Malkmus, R. (1982) Beitrag zur Verbreitung der Amphibien und Reptilien in Portugal.: Salamandra 18 (3-4): 218-299.
- Martens, H. (1996) The rediscovery of the Grass Snake Natrix natrix (L.) in the Levant.: Zoology in the Middle East 12: 59
- Meister, Barbara; Ursenbacher, Sylvain; Baur, Bruno (2012) Frequency of multiple paternity in the grass snake (Natrix natrix).: Amphibia-Reptilia 33 (2): 308-312
- Mertens, R. (1947) Studien zut Eidonomie und Taxonomie der Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix).: Abh. Senckenb. naturforsch. Ges. 476: 1-38.
- Pawlowski, S. & Krämer, C. (2009) Bemerkungen zur Herpetologie des nordwestlichen Kroatiens.: Sauria 31 (4): 19-30
- Pottier G., Paumier J.-M., Tessier M., Barascud Y., Talhoët S., Liozon R., D'Andurain P., Vacher J.-P., Barthe L., Heaulmé V., Esslinger M., Arthur C.-P., Calvet A., Maurel C. & Redon H. (2008) Atlas de répartition des reptiles et amphibiens de Midi-Pyrénées. Les atlas naturalistes de Midi-Pyrénées.: Nature Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, 126 pp.
- Schulte, R. (1974) Die gefleckte Ringelnatter (Natrix natrix persa) vom Skutani-See.: Aquarien Terrarien -Z. 27: 427-429.
- Sewell, David; Baker, John M.R.; Griffiths, Richard A. (2015) Population dynamics of grass snakes (Natrix natrix) at a site restored for amphibian reintroduction.: The Herpetological Journal 25 (3): 155-161
- TREPTE, M. (1993) Kommentkämpfe bei der Barren - Ringelnatter Natrix helvetica LACEPEDE und der Gelbgrünen Zornnatter Coluber viridiflavus viridiflavus LACEPEDE.: Sauria 15 (2): 17-19
- Thieme, U. (2005) Herpetologische Beobachtungen im Dalyandelta.: Reptilia (Münster) 10 (54): 44-50
- Thorpe, R. S. (1980) A comparative study of ordination techniques in numerical taxonomy in relation to racial variation in the ringed snake Natrix natrix (L.).: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 13: 7-40.
- Tonge, S. (1986) The herpetofauna of Jersey.: British Herpetological Society Bulletin (17): 18-21
- Tuniyev, B.S. (1990) On the Independence of the Colchis Center of Amphibian and Reptile Speciation.: Asiatic Herpetological Research 3: 67-84
- Veith, G. (1991) Die Reptilien Bosniens und der Herzegowina. Teil 2.: Herpetozoa 4 (1-2): 1-96
- Venchi, Alberto and Roberto Sindaco (2006) Annotated checklist of the reptiles of the Mediterranean countries, with keys to species identification. Part 2 -Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes).: Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria", Genova, XCVIII: 259-364
- Wall, F. (1905) Double-headed Snakes.: J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 386-388
- Wirth, M. & Hähnlein, R. (2009) Die europäischen Wassernattern: Freilandbeobachtung, Haltung und Zucht von Natrix natrix (LINNAEUS, 1758), Natrix maura (LINNAEUS, 1758) und Natrix tessellata (LAURENTI, 1768).: Draco 10 (39): 49-60
- Ananjeva, NB, Orlov NL; Khalikov RG; Darevsky IS; Ryabov IS & Barabanov AV (2006) The Reptiles of North Eurasia. Taxonomic Diversity, Distribution, Conservation Status [this comprises the territory of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia].: Pensoft Series Faunistica 47, 250 pp
Dış bağlantılar
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]- Amphibians and Reptiles of Europe
- Wikimedia Commons'ta Natrix natrix ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur.
- Vikitür'de Natrix natrix ile ilgili ayrıntılı taksonomik bilgiler bulunur.
Kaynakça
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]- ^ European Reptile & Amphibian Specialist Group (1996). "Natrix natrix". IUCN Tehdit Altındaki Türlerin Kırmızı Listesi. 1996: e.T14368A4436775. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T14368A4436775.en . Erişim tarihi: 11 Kasım 2021.
- ^ "GBIF". 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Mart 2024.
- ^ "PaleoBioDB". 8 Mart 2024 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Mart 2024.
- ^ "Grass snake (Natrix natrix)". Wildsgk Arkive. 19 Nisan 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Nisan 2017.
- ^ "Grass snake". The Woodland Trust. 16 Kasım 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Aralık 2021.
Natrix ile ilgili bu madde taslak seviyesindedir. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkı sağlayabilirsiniz. |